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FACILITY OVERVIEW

TRANSPORTATION FLEET

The transport is required for the transport of wastes from waste generating member units to the facility. The vehicles specially designed for the safe and leakage proof transport of hazardous waste, as per the CPCB Guidelines and in line with international practice are in use for the transport of hazardous wastes in the state of Haryana.

The vehicles are fitted with Online Communication System, First Aid Facility, Spill Collection System, etc. The vehicles will be labeled as per the requirements.

Packaging of wastes, primarily depend upon the physical and chemical characteristics of wastes. The liquid hazardous wastes packed in suitable leak-proof MS and/or HDPE drums (standard for chemical storage) whereas solid hazardous wastes packed in suitable bags are accepted for transportation. The tankers with proper corrosion proof lining are proposed for the bulk transfer of liquid wastes. In case of bulk transfer of semi liquid and/or viscous liquid, heating arrangements with statistical control are — required to be fitted on the tankers. For bulk and frequent transport of solid wastes (e.g. CETP in the nearby industrial areas), the dumper placers of requisite capacity are used. TREM card system as provided in the Hazardous Waste Rules, providing information on emergency management is followed in strict compliance. The MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet) of chemical constituents of wastes are used for deciding actions in case of emergency. The frequent unplanned mock drills are carried out for assessing and improving the effectiveness of system.

Communication systems are provided to drivers of transport vehicles carrying hazardous wastes. The driver shall be well equipped to contact TSDF and the waste generator, while transport.

At Present the fleet includes following vehicles

        3 MT capacity                             - 3 Nos.

        9 MT capacity                             - 6 Nos.

        16 MT capacity                           - 1 No.

Fig: Transportation Facility

PRETREATMENTS OR PHYSICO CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF WASTES

The wastes may require some pretreatment even before the actual treatment. There are so many types of pretreatment options normally adopted. They are shown in the diagram below. The commonly used pretreatments in case of Haryana are:

·         Dewatering

·         Neutralization

·         Reduction of wastes

·         Oxidation of Wastes

TREATMENT FACILITY

HAZARDOUS WASTES INCINERATION FACILITY

The organic wastes are required to be incinerated and the incineration ash is then required to be disposed off in Secured Landfill Disposal cell directly or after Solidification and Stabilization.

Incineration is basically a controlled combustion of waste at very high temperature followed by the cleaning and cooling of flue gases. Various types of wastes are fed to the incineration chamber, where the same is burnt at a temperature of about 900-1000°C in the presence of excess oxygen. The gases from the chamber is first passed through a secondary chamber where the temperature of gases are elevated to 1200°C and then passed through the flue gas cleaning system for removal of harmful fine solids and harmful gases from the flue gases before final discharge into the atmosphere. The incineration ash is removed from furnaces and sent for the further treatment and disposal.

The typical process flow diagram of an incineration facility is shown in following figure:

Fig: Typical Incineration Process Flow Diagram

Fig: Rotary kiln twin chambered Incineration Facility

The incineration system at Pali is Rotary kiln, twin chambered type in order to handle wastes in various physical forms. The control systems include the dust collection system, heat recovery system and gas cleaning systems. There are provisions for charging solid, semi-solid and liquid wastes of broader viscosity range. The proposed incineration will maintain 1200°C temperature in secondary furnace and meets latest CPCB norms with respect to emission norms. The typical incineration plant will comprise of following sections:

      Waste receiving and storing area

      Wastes preparation and feeding section

      Incineration section  

      Heat recovery section and pollution control devices

      Management of residues generated during incineration

STABILIZATION AND SOLIDIFICATION OF HAZARDOUS WASTES

The stabilization and solidification of the hazardous wastes is done to reduce the mobility and toxicity of waste, improve the handling characteristics of liquid containing wastes, and generally prepare the waste for disposal into landfills. The cement based and Pozzolanic Stabilisation/ Solidification treatment process is required for the following types of wastes, when the concentration of toxic constituent is above the limit prescribed limit for direct disposal.

·         Heavy metal bearing wastes

·         Asbestos bearing wastes

·         Glass wool

·         Sulfur bearing wastes

The concentration limits are given in waste management decision matrix in figure and also given in the table below. The same is in line with the CPCB guidelines for the direct disposal of Wastes into Secured Landfill Facility.

Criteria for disposal of Heavy Metal Waste in to Secured Land Fill

The Solidification and Stabilization System comprise of silos for storage of binders and wastes, mixing units, stabilizing units and material handling equipments. The process flow diagram is as indicated schematically in the following figure:

After 24 Hour Curing for 7, 14, 21 or 28 Days

                                                                     UCS/TCLP

SECURED LANDFILL DISPOSAL FACILITY

The wastes are either disposed off directly into the landfill and/or after the treatment like Solidification & Stabilization and Incineration. The decision on whether to treat or directly dispose off are taken as per the criteria mentioned in the CPCB guideline "Criteria for Hazardous Waste Landfills"